This thesis examines three American first person retrospective narratives—Anzia Yezierska's 1924 novel Bread Givers, Jeannette Walls's 2005 memoir The Glass Castle, Tara Westover's 2018 memoir Educated—for their formal and ideological constructions of mobility. Each chapter engages with one of the texts formal elements to consider how the text works with or against it to structure the central characters movement into a new class position. Since each text is retrospectively narrated, produced after the central character has already entered a new class position, the thesis will argue that every moment of the text will be saturated by and ideology produced out of that class position, even when a kind of second-level narrative awareness of attempts to push at its edges, challenge its own conventions.
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