{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/presentation/2/context.json","@type":"sc:Manifest","@id":"https://iiif.quartexcollections.com/washu/iiif/ecc968bb-00c8-46fe-afcc-4de2d4888245/manifest","label":"rsv12p07","metadata":[{"label":"License","value":"Permission to use, copy and distribute is hereby granted for non-commercial and education purposes only, following fair use guidelines."},{"label":"Visibility","value":"Full access (Allow downloads)"},{"label":"Title","value":"Naples, Castelnuovo"},{"label":"Alternative Title","value":"Napoli, Castello del'Ovo"},{"label":"Cultural Context","value":"Italian"},{"label":"Image View Description","value":"The fortified residence was built for Charles I of Anjou (reg 1266–85), who elevated Naples to the status of capital of the Kingdom of Sicily and Naples. Total remodeling during the 15th century retained only the basic square plan around a large central courtyard; the chapel of St Barbara, or Palatine Chapel, is the only surviving part of the original castle. The castle was the stage for various dynastic struggles that endured until 1442, when Alfonso V of Aragon conquered Naples. From 1443 he began the demolition of a large part of Castelnuovo (already seriously damaged during the hostilities) in order to rebuild it on a trapezoidal plan within the same area encircled by the moats. At first the work did not follow a unified plan, and it was only with the arrival of Guillem Sagrera in 1447 and his introduction of military engineering technology based on the practice of Catalan fortification specialists in Mallorca (derived ultimately from Burgundy) that a radical transformation of the castle was carried out to a predetermined plan. From 1453 Castelnuovo was protected by a low solid barbican, an enclosure of crenellated walls with towers, but in 1494 Francesco di Giorgio Martini, and subsequently his pupil Antonio Marchesi da Settignano (1451–1522), redesigned the outer defenses of the castle by constructing a proper fortified enclosure, which was to render the castle impregnable (destr.). After the Kingdom of Naples became a province of the Spanish empire in 1503, Castelnuovo served as the temporary seat of the viceroys, who continued work on the fortifications until 1537. From the late 16th century it was used as a military store and as a barracks. In successive centuries further work was carried out to rebuild and repair the defensive walls and the castle itself, and many new buildings were also added, including an arsenal, a foundry and an armory. At the behest of the Bourbon Ferdinand I, King of the Two Sicilies (Ferdinand IV, King of Naples, reg 1759–1806) a major restoration programme was executed between 1767 and 1774, and again in 1823. In 1870, after the Unification of Italy, Castelnuovo was granted to the city of Naples, and work began on the demolition of the outworks and the subsequent restoration of the Palazzo Reale. Grove Dictionary of Art There are numerous small, dark splotches all over the upper ground of the print and a wide, shallow scratch in the lower right corner"},{"label":"Subject (Time Period)","value":["Nineteenth century [LCSH]"]},{"label":"Physical Dimensions of Original","value":"20.5 x 25.4 cm"},{"label":"Image View Type","value":"Castle; photographs"},{"label":"Collecting Area","value":["Kranzberg Art & Architecture Library"]},{"label":"Collection Name","value":["19th Century Architectural Photography Collection","Kranzberg Art & Architecture Library Special Collections"]},{"label":"Subject (Geographic)","value":["Naples (Italy) [LCNAF]"]},{"label":"Subject (Topical)","value":["Architecture, Domestic [LCSH]"]},{"label":"Genre Form","value":["Photographs [LCGFT]"]},{"label":"Type","value":["Still Image"]},{"label":"Legacy Identifier","value":"1121"},{"label":"Medium","value":["albumen paper","black and white photography"]},{"label":"Inscription","value":"lower left, in black: 1121 Castello del'Ovo (Napoli); lower right, in black: G. Sommer - Napoli"},{"label":"Keywords","value":["Architecture, Defensive"]},{"label":"Link to Catalog Record","value":"https://catalog.wustl.edu:443/record=b1391820~S2"},{"label":"Copyright Statement","value":" The organization that has made the Item available reasonably believes that the Item is not restricted by copyright or related rights, but a conclusive determination could not be made. Please refer to the organization that has made the Item available for more information. You are free to use this Item in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use."},{"label":"Public Note","value":"Volume 12: Naples/Venice Page 7; Number assigned by photographer or print studio"},{"label":"Metadata Status","value":["Metadata reviewed by Metadata Services staff."]},{"label":"Physical Location of Original","value":"Kranzberg Art&Arch Library Spec Oversize NA202 St8 4o v.1-19"},{"label":"Copyright Status","value":["No Known Copyright"]},{"label":"Creator","value":["Sommer, Giorgio, 1834-1914 [LCNAF]"]},{"label":"Identifier","value":"rsv12p07"},{"label":"Visibility_Controlled","value":["Full access (Allow downloads)"]},{"label":"Link to External Resource","value":"https://library.washu.edu/spec/19th-century-architectural-photography-collection/"}],"description":"Naples, Castelnuovo","sequences":[{"@type":"sc:Sequence","canvases":[{"@id":"https://iiif.quartexcollections.com/washu/iiif/ecc968bb-00c8-46fe-afcc-4de2d4888245/canvas/_1","@type":"sc:Canvas","label":"Naples, Castelnuovo","height":4752,"width":5939,"images":[{"@type":"oa:Annotation","motivation":"sc:painting","resource":{"@id":"https://iiif.quartexcollections.com/washu/iiif/ecc968bb-00c8-46fe-afcc-4de2d4888245/full/full/0/default.jpg","@type":"dctypes:Image","format":null,"service":{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/image/2/context.json","@id":"https://iiif.quartexcollections.com/washu/iiif/ecc968bb-00c8-46fe-afcc-4de2d4888245","profile":"http://iiif.io/api/image/2/level2.json","tiles":[{"width":2048,"scaleFactors":[1,2,4]}]},"height":4752,"width":5939},"on":"https://iiif.quartexcollections.com/washu/iiif/ecc968bb-00c8-46fe-afcc-4de2d4888245/canvas/_1","metadata":[]}],"thumbnail":{"@id":"https://iiif.quartexcollections.com/washu/iiif/ecc968bb-00c8-46fe-afcc-4de2d4888245/full/500,500/0/default.jpg","@type":"dctypes:Image","height":500,"width":500}}]}],"thumbnail":"https://iiif.quartexcollections.com/washu/iiif/ecc968bb-00c8-46fe-afcc-4de2d4888245/full/500,500/0/default.jpg","logo":"https://iiif.quartexcollections.com/washu/iiif/logo"}