{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/presentation/2/context.json","@type":"sc:Manifest","@id":"https://iiif.quartexcollections.com/washu/iiif/78eb5d85-d6c5-41c0-b873-f714a8c622d2/manifest","label":"rsv16p13","metadata":[{"label":"Link to Finding Aid Record","value":"https://aspace.wustl.edu/repositories/4/resources/330"},{"label":"License","value":"Permission to use, copy and distribute is hereby granted for non-commercial and education purposes only, following fair use guidelines."},{"label":"Visibility","value":"Full access (Allow downloads)"},{"label":"Title","value":"Philae, View of colonnades"},{"label":"Cultural Context","value":"Egyptian"},{"label":"Image View Description","value":"Island situated immediately south of Aswan in Upper Egypt, which was the original location of an ancient temple of the goddess Isis, surrounded by associated cult building. The earliest surviving parts of the temple date from the reign of Nectanebo I (reg 380–362 BCE), and it was subsequently extended and enlarged until the 2nd century. Between 1972 and 1980, in an internationally financed rescue operation mounted by UNESCO, the buildings of Philae were transferred to the higher ground on the neighboring island of Agilqiyya. In the course of this work some 300 blocks from an older construction, dating to the time of the 26th Dynasty ruler Amasis (reg 570–526 BCE), were found in and around the later (Ptolemaic) 2nd pylon. These reliefs of Amasis show that there was already a cult of Isis on Philae in the 26th Dynasty. However, even earlier reliefs, dating to the time of the 25th Dynasty ruler Taharqa (reg 690–664 BCE), were found near the 1st pylon, and these show no connection with the cult of Isis. The worship of Isis was probably brought to Philae from the Delta during the 26th Dynasty. By Ptolemaic times the island was the most important place of pilgrimage of the cult of Isis (who, according to the temple myths, brought her husband Osiris back to life, symbolizing the regeneration of the natural cycle). Hundreds of reliefs and hieroglyphic inscriptions in the Temple of Isis provide details of the theological background, and many Greek, demotic and Meroitic graffiti throw light on the daily happenings at this centre of pilgrimage. The cult of Isis in Philae persisted even after the suppression of pagan cults (c. 391). It was not until ad 535–7 that the temples of Philae were closed down or transformed into Christian churches at the command of Justinian. The oldest constructions are the middle gate of the 1st pylon and the small hall, both built by Nectanebo II (reg 360–343 BCE). This hall was part of an earlier temple, which at first stood to the north of the 1st pylon but which was later shifted (in the early Ptolemaic period) to the southern end of the island of Philae, in order to make way for the new Temple of Isis, decorated under Ptolemy II Philadelphos (reg 285–246 BCE). Most of the buildings at Philae were erected during the Ptolemaic period, but there are many inscriptions and reliefs of later periods, especially the reign of Augustus (reg 30 BCE–14 CE). This demonstrates that the new regime of Roman emperors maintained the temples of Philae for political reasons, since the Temple of Isis was the favorite shrine of the inhabitants of Nubia, which constituted a dangerous trouble spot at the borders of the Roman empire. Grove Dictionary of Art. There is a dark mark in the upper left ground."},{"label":"Subject (Time Period)","value":["Nineteenth century [LCSH]"]},{"label":"Physical Dimensions of Original","value":"21 x 26.2 cm"},{"label":"Image View Type","value":"Temple; photographs"},{"label":"Collecting Area","value":["Kranzberg Art & Architecture Library"]},{"label":"Collection Name","value":["19th Century Architectural Photography Collection"]},{"label":"Subject (Geographic)","value":["Philae (Egypt) [LCSH]","Egypt [LCNAF]"]},{"label":"Subject (Topical)","value":["Religious architecture [LCSH]","Philae (Egypt) [LCSH]"]},{"label":"Genre Form","value":["Photographs [LCGFT]"]},{"label":"Type","value":["Still image"]},{"label":"Medium","value":["albumen paper","black and white photography"]},{"label":"Inscription","value":"lower left center, in black: A. Beato; on album page, lower left, in pencil: 31; on album page, lower center, in black ink: Philae- Les Colonnades"},{"label":"Link to Catalog Record","value":"https://forum.jstor.org/assets/1355889/representation-view"},{"label":"Copyright Statement","value":"<a href=\"http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/NKC/1.0/\"> This Rights Statement should be used for Items for which the copyright status has not been determined conclusively, but for which the organization that intends to make the Item available has reasonable cause to believe that the underlying Work is not covered by copyright or related rights anymore. This Rights Statement should not be used for Orphan Works (which are assumed to be in-copyright) or for Items where the organization that intends to make the Item available has not undertaken an effort to ascertain the copyright status of the underlying Work.</a>"},{"label":"Public Note","value":"Volume 16: Philae/Edfou Page 13"},{"label":"Metadata Status","value":"Metadata reviewed by Metadata Services staff."},{"label":"Copyright Status","value":["No Known Copyright"]},{"label":"Creator","value":["Beato, Antonio, -1903? [LCNAF]"]}],"description":"Philae, View of colonnades","sequences":[{"@type":"sc:Sequence","canvases":[{"@id":"https://iiif.quartexcollections.com/washu/iiif/78eb5d85-d6c5-41c0-b873-f714a8c622d2/canvas/_1","@type":"sc:Canvas","label":"Philae, View of colonnades","height":4842,"width":6156,"images":[{"@type":"oa:Annotation","motivation":"sc:painting","resource":{"@id":"https://iiif.quartexcollections.com/washu/iiif/78eb5d85-d6c5-41c0-b873-f714a8c622d2/full/full/0/default.jpg","@type":"dctypes:Image","format":null,"service":{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/image/2/context.json","@id":"https://iiif.quartexcollections.com/washu/iiif/78eb5d85-d6c5-41c0-b873-f714a8c622d2","profile":"http://iiif.io/api/image/2/level2.json"},"height":4842,"width":6156},"on":"https://iiif.quartexcollections.com/washu/iiif/78eb5d85-d6c5-41c0-b873-f714a8c622d2/canvas/_1","metadata":[]}],"thumbnail":{"@id":"https://iiif.quartexcollections.com/washu/iiif/78eb5d85-d6c5-41c0-b873-f714a8c622d2/full/500,500/0/default.jpg","@type":"dctypes:Image","height":500,"width":500}}]}],"thumbnail":"https://iiif.quartexcollections.com/washu/iiif/78eb5d85-d6c5-41c0-b873-f714a8c622d2/full/500,500/0/default.jpg","logo":"https://iiif.quartexcollections.com/washu/iiif/logo"}