{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/presentation/2/context.json","@type":"sc:Manifest","@id":"https://iiif.quartexcollections.com/rice/iiif/468200ae-2f89-458b-8437-9361b2292174/manifest","label":"wrc02784_xscript","metadata":[{"label":"Title","value":"Nguyen Tu Chung video oral history interview transcript"},{"label":"Accessibility Features","value":["OCR"]},{"label":"Rights Summary","value":["Restricted"]},{"label":"Original Handle","value":"https://hdl.handle.net/1911/71119"},{"label":"Digitization Specifications","value":["This asset is born digital. It may not have a high-quality master version."]},{"label":"Date Digital","value":"D:00 M:00 Y:2011"},{"label":"Time Span","value":["2010s"]},{"label":"Special Collections","value":["Houston Asian American Archive"]},{"label":"Repository","value":["Special Collections"]},{"label":"Format","value":["Document"]},{"label":"Format Genre","value":["oral histories"]},{"label":"Subject","value":["Asian Americans"]},{"label":"Source","value":"Vietnamese American Heritage Foundation oral history interviews, 2011, MS 647, Woodson Research Center, Fondren Library, Rice University"},{"label":"Rights","value":["The copyright holder for this material has granted Rice University permission to share this material online. It is being made available for non-profit educational use. Permission to examine physical and digital collection items does not imply permission for publication. Fondren Library’s Woodson Research Center / Special Collections has made these materials available for use in research, teaching, and private study. Any uses beyond the spirit of Fair Use require permission from owners of rights, heir(s) or assigns. See http://library.rice.edu/guides/publishing-wrc-materials"]},{"label":"Date","value":"D:01 M:03 Y:2011"},{"label":"Publisher","value":["Rice University"]},{"label":"Language","value":["vie"]},{"label":"Identifier","value":"wrc02784_xscript"},{"label":"Description","value":"Hoang Thi Tu Chung was born on August 19, 1941 at Bac Giang, Vietnam. Her favorite memory of her childhood home was the tree in front with the yellow flowers that she loved so much. When the family moved, her memory of the home that they stayed at temporarily was the home's large garden. The family eventually moved a couple times, first to Lang Son then to My Do, but returned to Ha Noi where she attended school at a nearby church, Ham Long. She remembers playing playground games with her peers, such as \"la? ca?,\" playing with sand to make sculptures, jumping rope, and gardening. Chung was active at school; she participated in the entertainment events such as plays and music shows and sang in the choir. Chung is the oldest out of 8 children; she has 5 younger sisters and 2 younger brothers. In 1950, one of her siblings had gone missing but was recently found. Chung was closest to her youngest sister, who she says has similar interests and way of thinking. Chung remembers watching and learning how to cook from her mother. For example, she knew how to make tiet canh vit (\"duck blood soup\") since she was 12 years old, baked foods, sautes, caramelized fish and pork, etc. Chung's father was arrested by the Viet Minh, so her mother had to work and care for the family by herself until her father was released. After being released, her father became a bus driver. As it was dangerous times, Chung remembers watching her grandmother being worried everyday and awaiting her father anxiously to come home. One day, her father's bus got hit by a land mine; although the vehicle was destroyed, her father fortunately suffered no major injuries. In 1954, Chung's family relocated to Saigon to live with relatives. Here, Chung attended Nguyen Ba Tong school. Chung married and went into teaching; she taught 3 years at Cuu Long school and then at Ham Long where she was a former student. She moved around with her husband to military bases (Tay Ninh, An Khe, etc.) who was a Green Beret in the South Vietnam military. In 1970, they returned to Saigon where she worked by selling animal feed at the market. By 1975, the couple had 5 children--2 boys and 3 girls. Her third child suffered from polio and eventually passed away age 6. In April of 1975, the family began to consider fleeing Vietnam. Chung had a friend who introduced her to those who were organizing the escapes, however, by the 27th, 28th of April, they had already left. Not knowing what to do, Chung and her family went to the Tan Son Nhat airport to sleep and wait even though they did not have the proper documents to board the plane. Giving up, the family decided to leave and return home. When Viet Cong forces attacked Saigon, all electric and phone lines at their home were cut. Chung then had a family friend who had a personal boat that was leaving Vietnam. The family hurried to meet them but the large boat had already left, leaving behind a smaller fishing boat. Chung recalls the violence during that time; she remembers feeling afraid and believing they were going to die. Nevertheless, the family boarded the small boat and went out to sea. The boat stopped to rest for a night, however, the next morning, the organizers of the trip announced that they no longer wished to continue and would not be going anymore. While waiting, the passengers spotted several larger ships including a navy ship and a carrier ship, but both did not let anyone board their craft. The passengers began to head towards Malaysia when the carrier ship called them back and allowed them on. The family had no food and water; Chung and her family had begun to feel weak and her children all had high fevers and diarrhea. Luckily, a US ship found and rescued the passengers and gave medical care to Chung's children. Chung's worst memory of her \"vuot bien\" voyage was when her child was nearly dropped into the sea. Chung had passed out from fright, but the child was fine. The family was eventually sent to a refugee camp at Guam. At Guam, Chung remembers feeling relief but because she was forced to leave her child with polio behind in Vietnam, Chung was extremely depressed and could not eat or drink for several days. The family remained at Guam for approximately a week before being transferred to another camp in Arkansas and then eventually to Houston where they reside today. When asked about her opinion of the Vietnam War, Chung responds truthfully that she did not understand much about the war until she met her husband. When South Vietnam lost, she could not believe that her country was lost that quickly. She notes that she has no hard feelings against American forcers; she truly believed they were allies simply helping South Vietnam. One of Chung's younger brother fought in the Air Force. All her brother-in-laws died in battle. Upon arrival in the United States in 1975, Chung's first job in Houston was as a maid and cleaning service for six months. Her husband worked for on-site construction clean up for Barry Homes, the owner being the man who sponsored their family to the United States. After a short time of free-lance maid service, Chung also began to work for Barry Homes by cleaning newly built homes. Construction soon became too taxing for her husband as he still had injuries procured front the war, so both he and Chung began to work by installing wallpaper in the new homes. Soon, Chung learned how sew curtains and worked in interior design. The couple then opened their own storefront selling wallpaper and interior home decorations. Today, Chung says the family still practices family traditions especially during Tet. Now retired from the business, Chung has her own cooking segment on a local radio show that she was been doing for 10 years."},{"label":"Abstract","value":"This recording and transcript form part of a collection of oral history interviews conducted by the Vietnamese American Heritage Foundation and donated to the Chao Center for Asian Studies at Rice University. This collection includes video recordings of interviews with Vietnamese Americans native to or living in Texas. This interview forms part of the national 500 Oral Histories Project conducted by the Vietnamese Heritage Foundation."},{"label":"People and Organizations","value":["Chung, Nguyen Tu"]},{"label":"Accessibility","value":["This item may have accessibility enhancements created by AI, which means there might be misspellings and/or grammatical errors. If you are in need of further remediation, please fill out this form: https://library.rice.edu/requests/digital-collections-accessible-format-request-form"]},{"label":"Interviewer(s)","value":["Huong, Pham Diem"]},{"label":"Interviewee(s)","value":["Chung, Nguyen Tu"]}],"description":"Nguyen Tu Chung video oral history interview 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