{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/presentation/2/context.json","@type":"sc:Manifest","@id":"https://iiif.quartexcollections.com/ncdcr/iiif/d802bb1f-064b-408e-870c-fbcbf69cb713/manifest","label":"VC_Constitution_Ammendment","metadata":[{"label":"Title","value":"Eleventh Amendment to the U.S. Constitution"},{"label":"Digital Collections","value":["Treasures"]},{"label":"Identifier","value":"VC_Constitution_Ammendment"},{"label":"Digital Format","value":["image/jpg"]},{"label":"URL","value":"http://digitalstatelibnc.cdmhost.com/u?/p15012coll11,33"},{"label":"Hosted By","value":["State Archives of North Carolina"]},{"label":"Repository","value":"State Archives of North Carolina"},{"label":"Type","value":["Text"]},{"label":"Local Call Number","value":"VC.13"},{"label":"Source","value":"Vault Collection. State Archives of North Carolina"},{"label":"Language","value":["English"]},{"label":"Creator","value":["Muhlenberg, Frederick Augustus Conrad, 1750-1801.","Adams, John, 1735-1826."]},{"label":"Date","value":"D:00 M:00 Y:1793"},{"label":"Subject","value":["States' rights (American politics)","United States--Politics and government, 1783-1809","United States--History--1783-1815","Resolutions, Legislative","Constitutional amendments","Constitutions--United States"]},{"label":"Index Terms","value":"Adams, John, 1735-1826"},{"label":"Place","value":["Philadelphia, Philadelphia County, Pennsylvania, United States"]},{"label":"Time Period","value":["(1789-1820) North Carolina's early statehood"]},{"label":"Description","value":"This document is a Resolution of Congress, passed in 1793, proposing an amendment to the federal Constitution that would limit the power of the federal judiciary. The resolution was signed by Frederick Augustus Muhlenberg, of Pennsylvania as Speaker of the House and by Vice President John Adams of Massachusetts as president of the Senate. The United States Constitution, Article III, gives Congress the authority to establish federal courts and to define much of their jurisdiction. To implement this article, Congress passed the Judiciary Act of September 24, 1789. In defining federal jurisdiction under this act, Congress made state courts and even state legislatures subordinate to the federal judiciary. During that period even North Carolina's Federalists, who supported a strong central government, were generally opposed to such an extension of federal power. North Carolina's legislature was so provoked with these developments that it voted in 1790 to support the Edenton Superior Court for refusing to transfer a case to federal district court as ordered. This resolution to Congress was passed in the same year as the landmark Supreme Court Case, Chisholm v. Georgia, which affirmed the right of a citizen of one state to sue another state in federal court. This challenge to state's rights prompted the dissent of North Carolina's one United States Supreme Court Justice, James Iredell, Sr. In a lengthy argument, Iredell described the nature of the Constitution as a compact between states and the federal government, arguing that states were sovereign except for those constitutional powers given specifically to the federal government. Support for Iredell's opinion contributed to the Eleventh Amendment to the Constitution. Proposed in 1794 and ratified the following year, this amendment was significant in restoring the principle of state's sovereign immunity and was important in future constitutional tests and developments."},{"label":"Digital Characteristics","value":"7 pages"},{"label":"Format","value":["Constitutions","Amendments (Administrative records)"]},{"label":"Rights","value":"All rights held by the State Archives of NC. Permission to publish must be obtained from the registrar in writing."},{"label":"Source Collections","value":["Vault Collection. State Archives of North Carolina"]},{"label":"Subjects-Treasures","value":["Constitutions--United States","Constitutional amendments","Resolutions, Legislative","United States--History--1783-1815","United States--Politics and government, 1783-1809","States' rights (American politics)"]}],"description":"Eleventh Amendment to the U.S. 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