{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/presentation/2/context.json","@type":"sc:Manifest","@id":"https://iiif.quartexcollections.com/ncdcr/iiif/92f6804a-ab73-49a7-ad4f-533fc275c49d/manifest","label":"MilColl_OH_242_Drake_Interview_Summary_Final","metadata":[{"label":"Title","value":"Robert E. Drake, 2005-03-07 [MilColl OH 242]"},{"label":"Digital Collections","value":["Veterans Oral History Collection"]},{"label":"Identifier","value":"MilColl_OH_242_Drake_Interview_Summary_Final"},{"label":"Digital Format","value":["application/pdf"]},{"label":"Hosted By","value":["State Archives of North Carolina"]},{"label":"Metadata Creator","value":["Carlisle, Olivia","Peek, Matthew"]},{"label":"Type","value":["Text"]},{"label":"Notes Public","value":"Contact the Military Archivist for access to the interview audio."},{"label":"Local Call Number","value":"MilColl OH 242"},{"label":"Source","value":"Military Veterans Oral History Collection. Military Collection. State Archives of North Carolina"},{"label":"Language","value":["English"]},{"label":"Creator","value":["Drake, Robert Evans, 1923-2007."]},{"label":"Contributor","value":["Murray, Gwen C."]},{"label":"Date","value":"D:07 M:03 Y:2005"},{"label":"Subject","value":["White, Isaac D. (Isaac Davis), 1901-1990","Vietnam War, 1961-1975","Veterans","United States Military Academy","Algeria--History--Revolution, 1954-1962","Army War College (U.S.)","Bronze Star Medal (U.S.)","Command and General Staff College (U.S.)","Dachau (Concentration camp)","Korean War, 1950-1953","Legion of Merit (Military decoration)","Military history","Oral histories","Oral history","Purple Heart","Retired military personnel","Silver Star","United States. Army","United States. Army. Armored Division, 20th","United States. Army. Armored Division, 3rd","United States. Army. Infantry Regiment, 4th","United States. Army. Infantry Regiment, 7th","United States. Army. Reserve Officers' Training Corps","United States. Department of Defense","Personal narratives","World War, 1939-1945"]},{"label":"Place","value":["Aichach-Friedberg, Bavaria, Germany","Fort Knox (historical), Knox County, Indiana, United States","Fort Leavenworth, Leavenworth County, Kansas, United States","Fort Lewis (historical), Pierce County, Washington, United States","France","Japan","North Korea","Fort Ord Military Reservation (historical), Monterey County, California, United States","Le Havre, Normandie, France","München, Bavaria, Germany"]},{"label":"Time Period","value":["(1954-1971) Civil Rights era","(1929-1945) Depression and World War Two","(1945-1989) Post War/Cold War period"]},{"label":"Description","value":"Robert Evans Drake was born on September 17, 1923, in Pasadena, California, to Frank and Jenny Leland Drake. Robert's father was a Colonel in the U.S. Army, and a graduate of the U.S. Military Academy at West Point. In the mid-1930s, the Drake family was living in Omaha, Nebraska; by 1940, they were living in San Francisco, California.  Robert Drake attended George Washington High School in San Francisco. He attended college at the University of San Francisco for two years, achieving the rank of Lieutenant in the university's ROTC. Drake was appointed to the U.S. Military Academy at West Point by Congressman J.G. Scrugham of Nevada. He graduated from West Point on D-Day, June 6, 1944; and was inducted for active military service during World War II in the U.S. Army on the same day.  During World War II, Drake led a tank platoon in Company B, 9th Tank Battalion, 20th Armored Division, while in France and Germany. The 20th Armored Division arrived in Le Havre, France, on February 17, 1945, and entered Germany in April 1945. Drake saw combat in Munich, Germany; helped liberate the Dachau Concentration Camp in April 1945; and was on route to Salzburg, Austria, with his platoon at the announcement of Germany's surrender on May 8, 1945. Upon his return to the U.S., Robert Drake was assigned to the Armored Board at Fort Ord, California. He was later selected for graduate school in automotive engineering at the University of Michigan. In May 1946, Robert Drake married Adrienne Moffat.  During the Korean War, Robert Drake commanded the 7th Infantry Division Maintenance Company in Korea. He later commanded Company A, 77th Heavy Tank Battalion, when the division moved to Japan. During the war, Robert Drake's tank company in September 1950 led the 31st Infantry Regiment to link up with the U.S. forces after their breakout of the Pusan perimeter during the Battle of Pusan Perimeter.  Drake's unit was then redeployed by ship around the Korean peninsula to the east coast of North Korea, where the 31st Infantry Regiment crossed into North Korea with the objective of relieving the First Marine Division (east of the Chosin Reservoir) and continuing the attack to the Yalu River. The unit had barely arrived in its forward positions when the Chinese Communist Forces attacked the 31st, killing or capturing over 1,000 soldiers. Drake's tank company fought a rear-guard action for the remainder of the regiment and the First Marine Division on their retreat to Hungnam. For this action, his unit was awarded the Navy Unit Citation and two Korean Unit citations.  Robert Drake returned to the U.S. in 1951. He was stationed at Fort Leavenworth in Kansas, and would attend the Armor Career Course at Fort Knox, Kentucky. While at the Armored School, he got a divorce. He was then appointed as aide-de-camp to General Isaac D. White in Korea, and later was stationed with the 4th Infantry Division at Fort Lewis, Washington. In 1955, Drake attended the Command and General Staff College at Fort Leavenworth, Kansas, serving on the college's staff and faculty. From 1958 to 1961, Robert Drake was designated as the Operations Officer for the United States' Military Advisory and Assistance Group in France. Among his duties, Drake reported on French armor operations in the Algerian War. He also was the U.S. Liaison Officer to the famous Armor and Cavalry School at Saumur, France. In 1964, after graduating from the U.S. Army War College, Drake returned to the Command and General Staff College to serve on the faculty of the college for three years. He next commanded the 3rd Brigade, 3rd Armored Division, in Friedberg, Germany. In 1969, Robert Drake served in the Vietnam War as a Senior Advisor to the Vietnam Defense College which was patterned after the U.S. Army War College. He also was an advisor to the Vietnamese military delegation to the Paris peace talks. Upon his return to the U.S., Drake was assigned as Director of Professional Military Education in the Office of the U.S. Secretary of Defense. In this capacity, he assisted in preparing the Department of Defense's response to congressional investigations of staffing of the three service academies. He also assisted in the implementation of a new concept by the Secretary of Defense for the curricula of the five war colleges. When he announced his intention to retire, Drake was temporarily assigned to the U.S. Department of the Army to assist with the creation of the Defense Mapping Agency.  Robert Drake retired from the U.S. Army in 1973. Drake had participated in 13 combat campaigns in Europe during WWII, in the Korean War, and in the Vietnam War. He was a combat observer for several French Army campaigns in Algeria. During his service, Drake was awarded the Purple Heart, two Silver Stars, two Bronze Stars, the Combat Infantryman Badge, and two Legions of Merit. He was also entitled to wear the U.S. Navy Citation.  Later in life, Drake came to live in Southern Pines, N.C. In 1975, Drake became the Educational Director of the newly-created Sandhills Youth Center located at McCain, N.C., in Moore County. Robert E. Drake died on February 12, 2007, in Southern Pines, North Carolina, and was buried in the U.S. Military Academy Post Cemetery at West Point, New York."},{"label":"Digital Characteristics","value":"4 pages"},{"label":"Format","value":["Summaries"]},{"label":"Rights","value":"All rights held by the State Archives of NC. Permission to publish must be obtained from the registrar in writing."},{"label":"Source Collections","value":["Military Veterans Oral History Collection. Military Collection. State Archives of North Carolina"]}],"description":"Robert E. 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