{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/presentation/2/context.json","@type":"sc:Manifest","@id":"https://iiif.quartexcollections.com/ncdcr/iiif/3855076d-7b0b-452a-b1e6-5641fe91d56a/manifest","label":"Photographic_Examiners","metadata":[{"label":"Title","value":"State Agency Finding Aid: Board of Photographic Examiners, 1935-1949"},{"label":"MARS ID","value":"185"},{"label":"Digital Collections","value":["Legacy Finding Aids Collection"]},{"label":"Identifier","value":"Photographic_Examiners"},{"label":"Digital Format","value":["application/pdf"]},{"label":"Hosted By","value":["State Archives of North Carolina"]},{"label":"Metadata Creator","value":["Cusick, Aaron"]},{"label":"Type","value":["Text"]},{"label":"Notes Public","value":"If you have questions about this collection, please contact the State Archives of North Carolina at archives@ncdcr.gov."},{"label":"Source","value":"Board of Photographic Examiners Records. State Archives of North Carolina"},{"label":"Language","value":["English"]},{"label":"Description","value":"In 1935 the General Assembly created the State Board of Photographic Examiners to regulate and control the practice of photography and the related photo-finishing industry.  The board's establishment grew out of a plan originally proposed by the North Carolina Photographers Association, a statewide professional organization.  The board consisted of five citizens with a minimum of five years of photographic experience who were elected by the North Carolina Photographers Association, then commissioned by the governor.  Initial board members served staggered  terms, while their successors served for three years.  Under terms of its enabling act, the State Board of Photographic Examiners was empowered to elect a chairman from among its membership, appoint a salaried secretary, and adopt and enforce all rules and regulations necessary to carry out provisions of its enabling act.   The board's duties included the following:  administering examinations and issuing certificates of registration and licenses to those qualified in terms of competency, ability, and integrity; and revoking licenses of  those found by the board to be guilty of misrepresentation, fraud, or  other unethical practices.  A person so charged, however, was permitted a public hearing and the benefit of counsel before a license was  revoked.  Any person aggrieved by the action of the board was permitted  an initial appeal to the superior court in the county of residence. All practicing photographers and photo-finishers were required to be registered with the board, or employed by an individual or firm duly registered.  In 1939 the legislature exempted several types of  practitioners, including press photographers, those engaged in  photography for personal use, and those not dependent on photography for primary income.  By joint resolution the 1947 General Assembly authorized the governor to appoint a commission to investigate certain examining boards and  determine whether the continuation of these boards was in the public  interest.  The State Board of Photographic Examiners was among those  studied.  The board was further challenged in an appeal to the Supreme  Court of North Carolina and declared unconstitutional in State v.  Ballance, filed 4 February 1949.  The court ruled that photography was a  private business that did not imperil the public safety and welfare.  In  a law enacted 1 April 1949, the General Assembly specified the following  procedure for boards and agencies repealed or declared unconstitutional  by the court, including the State Board of Photographic Examiners:  all  assets would be transferred to the director of the Division of Purchase  and Contract and all official records released to the Department of   Archives and History.  REFERENCES:  P.L., 1935, cc. 155; 318.  P.L., 1939, c. 280.  S.L., 1947, Resolution 31.  S.L., 1949, c. 740.  G.S. 92 [1950].  Corbitt, David Leroy, ed.  PUBLIC ADDRESSES, LETTERS, AND PAPERS OF    JOSEPH MELVILLE BROUGHTON, GOVERNOR OF NORTH CAROLINA, 1941-1945.   Raleigh:  Council of State, 1950.  P. 609.  North Carolina Photographers Association.  Papers.  Held in custody of   the state historian of the Professional Photographers of North   Carolina, successor to the North Carolina Photographers Association.  STATE V. BALLANCE.  NORTH CAROLINA REPORTS 229 (1948): 764."},{"label":"Digital Characteristics","value":"3 pages"},{"label":"Format","value":["Finding aids"]},{"label":"Rights","value":"This item is provided courtesy of the State Archives of North Carolina and is a public record according to G.S.132."},{"label":"Source Collections","value":["Board of Photographic Examiners Records. 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