{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/presentation/2/context.json","@type":"sc:Manifest","@id":"https://iiif.quartexcollections.com/ncdcr/iiif/113bdadf-fc47-497b-a89e-ec8de6015321/manifest","label":"Labor_Dept","metadata":[{"label":"Title","value":"State Agency Finding Aid: Labor, 1936-1959"},{"label":"MARS ID","value":"10"},{"label":"Digital Collections","value":["Legacy Finding Aids Collection"]},{"label":"Identifier","value":"Labor_Dept"},{"label":"Digital Format","value":["application/pdf"]},{"label":"Hosted By","value":["State Archives of North Carolina"]},{"label":"Metadata Creator","value":["Cusick, Aaron"]},{"label":"Type","value":["Text"]},{"label":"Notes Public","value":"If you have questions about this collection, please contact the State Archives of North Carolina at archives@ncdcr.gov."},{"label":"Source","value":"Labor Records. State Archives of North Carolina"},{"label":"Language","value":["English"]},{"label":"Description","value":"The Bureau of Labor Statistics, predecessor of the present-day  Department of Labor, was established in 1887 by the General Assembly as an agency of the Department of Agriculture, Immigration, and Statistics. The bureau was headed by a commissioner who was appointed to a two-year term by the governor, with the approval of the state Senate.  The commissioner of labor statistics was to collect information on work hours and wages, workforce education and finances, and means to promote the \"mental, material, social and moral prosperity\" of the state's labor force.  The commissioner was to appoint a chief clerk and other assistants as needed.  An annual report detailing the information collected by the bureau was to be submitted to the General Assembly and supplied to the state's newspapers. In 1897 the commissioner of labor statistics was also made state mine inspector and given the responsibility of inspecting the state's mines  and mining machinery.  All mines were to have adequate ventilation and  drainage, and up-to-date safety and security features.  The commissioner  could institute legal proceedings for violations, and all violations, accidients, injuries, and deaths were to be recorded. In 1899 the Bureau of Labor Statistics was re-created as the Bureau of Labor and Printing, separate from the Department of Agriculture.  In  addition to collecting and publishing data relating to labor in North  Carolina, the bureau was to oversee all printing and binding done for state government.  The term of the commissioner was changed to four years, and an assistant commissioner with practical printing experience  was to be employed.  In 1901 the General Assembly established a State  Printing Commission, composed of the Council of State, commissioner of  labor and printing, and attorney general, to contract for state printing. The commissioner of labor and printing continued to oversee the completion of contracts for state printing and binding.  In 1919 the  governor was added to the State Printing Commission, and the bureau  became the Department of Labor and Printing. In 1921 the legislature created an Employment Service Bureau within  the department.  Local employment offices were established throughout the state to assist job applicants in their search for employment, to  cooperate with federal vocational education programs to help disabled veterans seeking employment, and to work with minors over sixteen years  of age seeking employment and training.  Under legislation enacted in 1925 and 1929, private employment agencies were to be licensed and  regulated by the commissioner of labor and printing. The General Assembly enacted amendments to the employment service law  in 1935 to bring it into conformity with federal legislation.  In 1936  the state's Employment Service Bureau was transferred to the Umemployment Compensation Commission, where it became a division of that newly created agency.  The regulation of private personnel agencies continued to be a responsibility of the Department of Labor and Printing. Another division in the Department of Labor and Printing was the Bureau of Labor for the Deaf, created in 1923 to collect statistics on the state's deaf citizens, encourage appropriate employment for deaf persons, study and promote methods of education for the deaf, and make reports and recommendations concerning the status of the deaf.    In 1931 the legislature reorganized the department, changing its name to the Department of Labor under the direction of a commissioner.  The department had three divisions: Workmen's Compensation, Standards and Inspection, and Statistics.  The Workmen's Compensation Division was created by the transfer of the Industrial Commission to the Department  of Labor.  The Industrial Commission had been established by the General Assembly in 1929 to administer the state's system of workmen's  compensation.  The act creating the new department maintained all powers, duties, and personnel of the Industrial Commission as provided by the 1929 act. The Standards and Inspection Division succeeded to all the authority  and responsibilities previously vested in the Child Welfare Commission,  which was abolished.  The Child Welfare Commission had been created in  1919 to carry out the provisions of legislation enacted in 1909, 1913, and 1919.  The Standards and Inspection Division was charged with  investigating and evaluating the conditions affecting the employment of  women and children, making recommendations for improvement of these  conditions, inspecting mines and mining machinery, and collecting information on the industrial and agricultural welfare of the state's  citizens. The Statistics Division was established as the agency responsible for collecting, systematizing, and printing all statistics relating to labor. The State Printing Commission was abolished and its responsibilities concerning printing contracts were transferred to the Division of  Purchase and Contract in the governor's office. In 1935 the legislature created the Board of Boiler Rules and set up  a Bureau of Boiler Inspections within the department's Standards and  Inspections Division to implement boiler regulations provided by this  legislation.  The board consisted of five members appointed by the governor for staggered terms, and it was charged with formulating rules for the safe installation, repair, use, and operation of steam boilers in the state.  The commissioner of labor was to serve as chairman and was to appoint a chief inspector, who would supervise the bureau and its staff and enforce laws and rules. Laws regulating child labor, minimum wages, working hours, and fair labor standards were passed in 1937, 1939, 1959, 1963, 1965, 1969, 1971, 1973, 1975, and 1977.  In 1979 the General Assembly enacted the Wage and Hour Act to consolidate previous legislation in these areas and set up a  Wage and Hour Division within the Department of Labor.  The Wage and Hour Division incorporated the work of the Standards and Inspection Division. To prepare and equip the state's youthful population for future employment, the General Assembly created the Apprenticeship Council and an apprenticeship program in the Department of Labor in 1939.  The council, composed of three representatives each from employee and employer organizations, plus an ex officio member representing the State Board of Vocational Education, was to formulate rules and policies to carry out legislation on apprenticeship and job training.  To implement  these policies the legislature established a director of apprenticeship within the department.  Appointed by the commissioner of labor, the director of apprenticeship, assisted by professional personnel, was to set up standards and rules for apprentice agreements with local  apprenticeship councils, to serve as secretary of the state's  Apprenticeship Council, to issue certificates of completion of apprenticeships, and to keep records and prepare necessary reports. Early efforts to find alternate methods of resolving labor versus management conflicts resulted in the Uniform Arbitration Act of 1927. In 1941 the General Assembly erected in the Department of Labor a conciliation and mediation service for labor and management and a  separate division to administer and implement this legislation.  Four years later a departmentally administered arbitration service was  established, with the arbitration process and procedure detailed in the law.  Additional legislation was enacted in 1947 and 1949.    The Department of Labor began a program of periodic inspections of  elevators, escalators, hoists, tramways, amusement rides, incline railways, and other such devices in 1938.  Although the Department of  Insurance was charged with the implementation of the state building code as enacted in 1933 and 1941, the Department of Labor was responsible for  elevator and lift inspections. On 10 February 1943 the voters approved an amendment to the state constitution making the commissioner of labor a member of the Council of State.  Further constitutional amendments affecting the Commissioner of Labor were approved by the electorate in November 1962.  These provided for filling the vacancy in case of the commissioner's death or resignation and decreed the order of gubernatorial succession, including all the Council of State. In 1963 the Industrial Commission was removed from the Department of Labor and placed in the Department of Commerce.  A few years later the  Department of Labor was, like other agencies of state government,  re-created by the Executive Organization Act of 1971, but it underwent no major restructuring as a direct result of this legislation. Additional responsibilities entrusted to the department since 1971   were accompanied by the creation of new division-level agencies to carry  out these duties.  The Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA) of North Carolina, enacted in 1973 to bring the state into conformity with national legislation, provided for the development, adoption, and implementation of safety and health standards in the workplace, periodic inspections, the creation of an investigatory/hearing procedure, and the  establishment of remedies.  To administer and implement this legislation, the 1973 General Assembly created the Occupational Safety and Health  Division in the Department of Labor. A number of changes occurred in 1975.  The Mine Safety and Health Act established a Mines and Quarry Division in the department to carry out  the inspection and regulation of the state's mines, and the Bureau of  Boiler Inspection was made a separate division.  In the same year the  Bureau of Labor for the Deaf was transferred to the Department of Human Resources. Additional legislation affecting elevators, escalators, ski lifts,  and tramways was adopted in 1957, 1969, and 1975, and in 1985 the  Elevator and Amusement Rides Division was created in the Department of  Labor. The Migrant Housing Act of 1989 established a Migrant Housing Division to adopt, implement, and monitor standards for migrant housing in North Carolina.  Fire safety, heating, kitchen sanitation, and OSHA standards were to be enforced by this agency. The Workplace Retaliatory Discrimination Division was established in 1992 to enforce the  Retaliatory Employment Discrimination Act of that year.  This legislation protects employees who, in good faith, have filed claims or initiated  any action under the Occupational Safety and Health Act, Mine Safety and Health Act, or Wage and Hour Act. Legislation promoting apprenticeship was enacted in 1951, 1973, 1977, and 1979. The Division of Apprenticeship and Training continues to  work closely with the departments of Commerce, Community Colleges, and   Public Instruction to implement the Job Training Partnership Act.  The  Pre-Apprenticeship Division of the department promotes on-the-job  training programs, training upgrading, and classroom training projects. Attached to the Department of Labor are a number of boards and  commissions, including the Safety and Health Review Board, the Private  Personnel Advisory Council, the Mine and Quarry Advisory Council, the  State Advisory Council on Occupational Safety and Health, the  Apprenticeship Council, and the North Carolina Board of Boiler and Pressure Vessel Rules. REFERENCES: P.L., 1887, c. 113, s. 1. P.L., 1897, c. 251, ss. 2, 4-7. P.L., 1899, c. 250, ss. 1-7; c. 373, ss. 2, 5. P.L., 1901, c. 280. P.L., 1909, c. 857. P.L., 1913, c. 83. P.L., 1919, c. 100, s. 7; c. 314, ss. 4(a)-4(d). P.L., 1921, c. 131, ss. 1-4. P.L., 1923, c. 122, ss. 1-2. P.L., 1925, c. 127. P.L., 1927, c. 94. P.L., 1929, cc. 120, 178. P.L., 1931, c. 312, ss. 1, 4, 11-15. P.L., 1933, c. 392. P.L., 1935, c. 106; c. 326, ss. 1, 2, 5-7. P.L., 1936, c. 1, ss. 10, 12. P.L., 1937, cc. 317, 409. P.L., 1939, c. 229, ss. 2-4; c. 245. P.L., 1941, c. 280, s. 2; c. 362, ss. 4-5. S.L., 1943, c. 57. S.L., 1947, c. 379. S.L., 1949, c. 673. S.L., 1951, c. 1031. S.L., 1957, c. 1138, ss. 1(b)-1(c). S.L., 1959, c. 475. S.L., 1961, c. 466, s. 4; c. 992, s. 1. S.L., 1963, cc. 313, 816. S.L., 1965, c. 229. S.L., 1969, c. 34. S.L., 1971, c. 138; c. 864, s. 10. S.L., 1973, c. 295, s. 8; c. 476, s. 138; c. 802. S.L., 1975, c. 206, ss. 6-7, 19; c. 256; c. 412, s. 3; c. 777. S.L., 1977, cc. 519, 896. S.L., 1979, cc. 673, 780, 839. S.L., 1985, c. 543, s. 4; c. 990, s. 1. S.L., 1989, c. 91; c. 532, s. 2; c. 727, s. 202. S.L., 1992, c. 1021. G.S. 94-1 through 94-11, 95-1 through 95-256, 143-139, 143B-438.4    through 143B-438.5 [1994]. Cheney, John, Jr., ed. NORTH CAROLINA GOVERNMENT, 1585-1979, Raleigh:   North Carolina Department of the Secretary of State, 1981. Pp. 928-   929, 958-960. Office of the Secretary of State. NORTH CAROLINA MANUAL, 1993-1994.   Edited by Lisa A. Marcus. Raleigh, 1994. Pp. 220-227. Powell, William S. NORTH CAROLINA THROUGH FOUR CENTURIES. Chapel Hill:   University of North Carolina Press, 1989. Pp. 483-484."},{"label":"Digital Characteristics","value":"4 pages"},{"label":"Format","value":["Finding aids"]},{"label":"Rights","value":"This item is provided courtesy of the State Archives of North Carolina and is a public record according to G.S.132."},{"label":"Source Collections","value":["Labor Records. State Archives of North Carolina"]}],"description":"State Agency Finding Aid: Labor, 1936-1959","sequences":[{"@type":"sc:Sequence","canvases":[{"@id":"https://iiif.quartexcollections.com/ncdcr/iiif/113bdadf-fc47-497b-a89e-ec8de6015321/canvas/_1","@type":"sc:Canvas","label":"Labor_Dept-1","height":1676,"width":1257,"images":[{"@type":"oa:Annotation","motivation":"sc:painting","resource":{"@id":"https://iiif.quartexcollections.com/ncdcr/iiif/875a8ac7-bbde-4728-9283-bf1b2397e728/full/full/0/default.jpg","@type":"dctypes:Image","format":"image/jpeg","service":{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/image/2/context.json","@id":"https://iiif.quartexcollections.com/ncdcr/iiif/875a8ac7-bbde-4728-9283-bf1b2397e728","profile":"http://iiif.io/api/image/2/level2.json","tiles":[{"width":512,"scaleFactors":[1,2,4]}]},"height":1676,"width":1257},"on":"https://iiif.quartexcollections.com/ncdcr/iiif/113bdadf-fc47-497b-a89e-ec8de6015321/canvas/_1","metadata":[]}],"thumbnail":{"@id":"https://iiif.quartexcollections.com/ncdcr/iiif/875a8ac7-bbde-4728-9283-bf1b2397e728/full/500,500/0/default.jpg","@type":"dctypes:Image","height":500,"width":500}},{"@id":"https://iiif.quartexcollections.com/ncdcr/iiif/113bdadf-fc47-497b-a89e-ec8de6015321/canvas/_2","@type":"sc:Canvas","label":"Labor_Dept-2","height":1697,"width":1266,"images":[{"@type":"oa:Annotation","motivation":"sc:painting","resource":{"@id":"https://iiif.quartexcollections.com/ncdcr/iiif/60175a97-d8e3-489e-ba47-7d2f9f41f48e/full/full/0/default.jpg","@type":"dctypes:Image","format":"image/jpeg","service":{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/image/2/context.json","@id":"https://iiif.quartexcollections.com/ncdcr/iiif/60175a97-d8e3-489e-ba47-7d2f9f41f48e","profile":"http://iiif.io/api/image/2/level2.json","tiles":[{"width":512,"scaleFactors":[1,2,4]}]},"height":1697,"width":1266},"on":"https://iiif.quartexcollections.com/ncdcr/iiif/113bdadf-fc47-497b-a89e-ec8de6015321/canvas/_2","metadata":[]}],"thumbnail":{"@id":"https://iiif.quartexcollections.com/ncdcr/iiif/60175a97-d8e3-489e-ba47-7d2f9f41f48e/full/500,500/0/default.jpg","@type":"dctypes:Image","height":500,"width":500}},{"@id":"https://iiif.quartexcollections.com/ncdcr/iiif/113bdadf-fc47-497b-a89e-ec8de6015321/canvas/_3","@type":"sc:Canvas","label":"Labor_Dept-3","height":1672,"width":1253,"images":[{"@type":"oa:Annotation","motivation":"sc:painting","resource":{"@id":"https://iiif.quartexcollections.com/ncdcr/iiif/80bf69d0-370b-4de5-8dbb-0e6868097b96/full/full/0/default.jpg","@type":"dctypes:Image","format":"image/jpeg","service":{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/image/2/context.json","@id":"https://iiif.quartexcollections.com/ncdcr/iiif/80bf69d0-370b-4de5-8dbb-0e6868097b96","profile":"http://iiif.io/api/image/2/level2.json","tiles":[{"width":512,"scaleFactors":[1,2,4]}]},"height":1672,"width":1253},"on":"https://iiif.quartexcollections.com/ncdcr/iiif/113bdadf-fc47-497b-a89e-ec8de6015321/canvas/_3","metadata":[]}],"thumbnail":{"@id":"https://iiif.quartexcollections.com/ncdcr/iiif/80bf69d0-370b-4de5-8dbb-0e6868097b96/full/500,500/0/default.jpg","@type":"dctypes:Image","height":500,"width":500}},{"@id":"https://iiif.quartexcollections.com/ncdcr/iiif/113bdadf-fc47-497b-a89e-ec8de6015321/canvas/_4","@type":"sc:Canvas","label":"Labor_Dept-4","height":1688,"width":1255,"images":[{"@type":"oa:Annotation","motivation":"sc:painting","resource":{"@id":"https://iiif.quartexcollections.com/ncdcr/iiif/528452b8-e3c7-4b3c-918f-064de17707cc/full/full/0/default.jpg","@type":"dctypes:Image","format":"image/jpeg","service":{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/image/2/context.json","@id":"https://iiif.quartexcollections.com/ncdcr/iiif/528452b8-e3c7-4b3c-918f-064de17707cc","profile":"http://iiif.io/api/image/2/level2.json","tiles":[{"width":512,"scaleFactors":[1,2,4]}]},"height":1688,"width":1255},"on":"https://iiif.quartexcollections.com/ncdcr/iiif/113bdadf-fc47-497b-a89e-ec8de6015321/canvas/_4","metadata":[]}],"thumbnail":{"@id":"https://iiif.quartexcollections.com/ncdcr/iiif/528452b8-e3c7-4b3c-918f-064de17707cc/full/500,500/0/default.jpg","@type":"dctypes:Image","height":500,"width":500}}]}],"thumbnail":"https://iiif.quartexcollections.com/ncdcr/iiif/875a8ac7-bbde-4728-9283-bf1b2397e728/full/300,300/0/default.jpg","logo":"https://iiif.quartexcollections.com/ncdcr/iiif/logo"}