{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/presentation/2/context.json","@type":"sc:Manifest","@id":"https://iiif.quartexcollections.com/lmudigitalcollections/iiif/f5c20149-3ea4-4719-863c-228b8fcfe34b/manifest","label":"LML_CSLA-15-00083","metadata":[{"label":"Collection Location","value":"J. D. Black Papers, CSLA-15, Series 3: Photographs, Box 4, Sleeve 44"},{"label":"Subject","value":"Northern Paiute Indians"},{"label":"Language","value":"eng"},{"label":"ARK Identifier","value":"http://www.oac.cdlib.org/findaid/ark:/13030/kt3w1022nb"},{"label":"Physical description","value":"1 photograph : b&w ; 9 x 13 cm"},{"label":"Object Identifier","value":"LML_CSLA-15-00083"},{"label":"Names","value":"Beverly, George; Black's Cash Store"},{"label":"Description","value":"George Beverly, a Paiute, standing in front of Black's Cash Store, in Bishop, California.  Title supplied by cataloger."},{"label":"Title","value":"George Beverly. Paiute Native American. Bishop, California"},{"label":"Note","value":"George Beverly would have been a member of the Northern Paiute, who live in Northern Nevada and in Eastern California in such places as the Owens Valley.  The valley their home for centuries before their first contact with Europeans in 1820, the Paiute based their way of life on agriculture, and hunting and gathering. Foreshadowing Anglo-American reliance on irrigation, Paiutes developed irrigation systems for their crops, utilizing the streams fed by the snow pack of the Sierras. Silver and gold strikes beginning in 1859 in the mountains surrounding the valley profoundly ruptured the Paiute way of life. Anglo-American and Mexican miners and settlers moved into the valley, resulting in a war  that involved the U. S. Army from 1862 through 1865. The Paiute lost decisively, leading to their marginalization, both socially and economically in the valley. By the 1870s, the Paiute lived on the fringes of Anglo-American society and settlements and had begun to earn their living through working as farm and domestic labor. The Paiute faced segregation from Anglo-American society in such areas as public education until 1924 and such public venues as movie theaters. This was their state when these photographs were made and during the period—1890-1930—when when most of the materials of this on-line exhibit were made, including this one."},{"label":"Source","value":"Center for the Study of Los Angeles Research Collection, Loyola Marymount University"},{"label":"Date Range","value":"circa 1923"},{"label":"Type","value":["Photographs"]},{"label":"Rights","value":"https://library.lmu.edu/archivesandspecialcollections/copyrightandreproductionpolicy/"},{"label":"Location","value":["Bishop (Calif.)"]}],"description":"George Beverly. Paiute Native American. 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