{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/presentation/2/context.json","@type":"sc:Manifest","@id":"https://iiif.quartexcollections.com/gettysburg/iiif/f886cdd6-d559-4c23-8a47-fafbb6d3d314/manifest","label":"gaa_cloisonne-hinged-rectangular-box_d68","metadata":[{"label":"Identifier","value":"gaa_cloisonne-hinged-rectangular-box_d68"},{"label":"Citation","value":"Object Name, Date Original (if known), GettDigital: Asian Art Collection, Special Collections / Musselman Library, Gettysburg College, Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, Access Date, Link to Item"},{"label":"Repository","value":"Special Collections and College Archives, Musselman Library, Gettysburg College"},{"label":"Inventory Number","value":"D68"},{"label":"Part of","value":["Asian Art GettDigital Collection"]},{"label":"Provenance","value":"The Estate of Prof. Frank Kramer"},{"label":"Genre","value":["Artifacts"]},{"label":"Object Location","value":"M.8"},{"label":"Date","value":"D:00 M:00 Y:1891 - D:00 M:00 Y:1959"},{"label":"Date Original","value":"Late 19th century-mid-20th century CE (1891-1950s)"},{"label":"Era","value":["Republican period","Qing dynasty"]},{"label":"Measurement","value":"Height: 2.3 cm; Width: 8.3 cm"},{"label":"Medium","value":["Copper, enamel","Cloisonné"]},{"label":"Country of Origin","value":["China"]},{"label":"Description","value":"This is a cloisonné* hinged rectangular box with four copper cast feet. Its exterior is decorated with floral designs such as plum blossoms, peonies and lotus flowers on a white background. The plum blossom, one of sui han san you (Three Friends of Winter, namely pine, bamboo and plum, which still keep their integrity when all other plants wither and their leaves fall), is important to the Chinese as a symbol of longevity and good fortune. The peony, known as fu gui hua (the flower of wealth and rank), conveys a wish for official rank in the emperor's civil service as well as a salary and perquisites to ensure wealth. The lotus is a symbol of purity and integrity. It is also one of the eight precious Buddhist things. The lotus comes out of the mud but remains itself unstained. It is inwardly empty yet outwardly upright. It has no branches (no family/offspring) yet smells sweet. All the designs are in gilt outlines. The interior of this vessel and the base of the box are green enameled. An embossed \"CHINA\" is carved on the base of this box. As requested by the United States Law (U.S. Stamp Act of 1892), any exported wares to the United States from 1891 were required to be marked with \"CHINA\". It is evident that this is an object specially designed for foreign trade and was produced approximately during the late 19th century to the mid-20th century. * Cloisonné is an enamel ware, in which the colors of the design are kept apart by thin metal strips. It is typically called the \"Blue of Jingtai\" as blue is the dominant color adopted for enameling and cloisonné became prevalent during the reign of Jingtai (1450--1456) in the Ming Dynasty. Major work processes include: making the red-copper roughcast, forming patterns on the roughcast with thin copper strips, filling patterns with enamel of different colors, firing, and polishing. The making of cloisonn integrates bronze and porcelain-working skills, traditional painting and etching. It is the pinnacle of traditional Chinese handicraft. The making of cloisonné requires rather elaborate and complicated processes: base-hammering, copper-strip inlay, soldering, enamel-filling, enamel-firing, polishing and gilding. Beijing is where cloisonné making originated. The earliest extant cloisonné was made in the Yuan Dynasty (1271-1368). The best was made during the Xuande period (1426-1456) of the Ming dynasty. During the Jingtai period (1426-1456) of the Ming, handicraftsmen found dark-blue enamel which gave cloisonné the gorgeous, solemn look which is still used today. During the Qianlong period (1736-1795) of the Qing Dynasty, the skills of making cloisonné reached their pinnacle when pure copper began to be used for rough casts. During the Ming and Qing dynasties, the most famous workshops which produced cloisonné were called the \"folangqian kiln\" (the cloisonné kiln), also known as the \"guiguo kiln\" (kiln in the devil's country)."},{"label":"Title","value":"Cloisonné hinged rectangular box"},{"label":"Rights","value":"Materials available through GettDigital encompass a wide range of works, many of which are in the public domain. However, some items may still be protected by copyright or other intellectual property rights. Users are responsible for determining the copyright status of materials and ensuring compliance with all applicable laws when reproducing or publishing these works. Items in our GettDigital Collections are for educational use. For assistance in understanding rights, obtaining permissions, or requesting files for publication or research purposes, please contact us at <a href=\"www.gettysburg.edu/special-collections/ask-an-archivist\">www.gettysburg.edu/special-collections/ask-an-archivist</a>"},{"label":"Reference URL","value":"http://cdm16274.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p4016coll6/id/1263"}],"description":"Cloisonné hinged rectangular box","sequences":[{"@type":"sc:Sequence","canvases":[{"@id":"https://iiif.quartexcollections.com/gettysburg/iiif/f886cdd6-d559-4c23-8a47-fafbb6d3d314/canvas/_1","@type":"sc:Canvas","label":"Cloisonné hinged rectangular box","height":479,"width":499,"images":[{"@type":"oa:Annotation","motivation":"sc:painting","resource":{"@id":"https://iiif.quartexcollections.com/gettysburg/iiif/f886cdd6-d559-4c23-8a47-fafbb6d3d314/full/full/0/default.jpg","@type":"dctypes:Image","format":"image/jpeg","service":{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/image/2/context.json","@id":"https://iiif.quartexcollections.com/gettysburg/iiif/f886cdd6-d559-4c23-8a47-fafbb6d3d314","profile":"http://iiif.io/api/image/2/level2.json","tiles":[{"width":512,"scaleFactors":[1]}]},"height":479,"width":499},"on":"https://iiif.quartexcollections.com/gettysburg/iiif/f886cdd6-d559-4c23-8a47-fafbb6d3d314/canvas/_1","metadata":[]}],"thumbnail":{"@id":"https://iiif.quartexcollections.com/gettysburg/iiif/f886cdd6-d559-4c23-8a47-fafbb6d3d314/full/500,500/0/default.jpg","@type":"dctypes:Image","height":500,"width":500}}]}],"thumbnail":"https://iiif.quartexcollections.com/gettysburg/iiif/f886cdd6-d559-4c23-8a47-fafbb6d3d314/full/500,500/0/default.jpg","logo":"https://iiif.quartexcollections.com/gettysburg/iiif/logo"}