{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/presentation/2/context.json","@type":"sc:Manifest","@id":"https://iiif.quartexcollections.com/gettysburg/iiif/a7e9647a-f813-4357-bce0-6c53e1ae77f2/manifest","label":"gaa_small-terracotta-sarcophagus-with-raised-tri-color-theatrical-scenes-and-four-hollow-figurines_f1_f1","metadata":[{"label":"Identifier","value":"gaa_small-terracotta-sarcophagus-with-raised-tri-color-theatrical-scenes-and-four-hollow-figurines_f1_f1"},{"label":"Citation","value":"Object Name, Date Original (if known), GettDigital: Asian Art Collection, Special Collections / Musselman Library, Gettysburg College, Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, Access Date, Link to Item"},{"label":"Repository","value":"Special Collections and College Archives, Musselman Library, Gettysburg College"},{"label":"Inventory Number","value":"F1"},{"label":"Part of","value":["Asian Art GettDigital Collection"]},{"label":"Provenance","value":"Mr. Chan Wing, the Wing Fat Co.; A note from Dr. Kramer's folder \"Oriental Art-Inventory, n. d. (copy #2)\" (in Kramer's Box 4, file 18), refers to this item as \"Pottery Tomb-Casket with lid. Ming Dynasty 1368-1644. decorated with scenes in color, this casket contained the four figurines shown, broken lid.\""},{"label":"Genre","value":["Artifacts"]},{"label":"Object Location","value":"C.34"},{"label":"Date","value":"D:00 M:00 Y:1850 - D:00 M:00 Y:1900"},{"label":"Date Original","value":"Late 19th century CE"},{"label":"Era","value":["Qing dynasty"]},{"label":"Measurement","value":"Height (the highest point including the lid) 13.9 cm; Height (the lowest point including the lid) 13.0 cm; Length (at the most point) 26 cm; Width (at the most point) 11.7 cm"},{"label":"Medium","value":["Terracotta","Ceramics"]},{"label":"Country of Origin","value":["China"]},{"label":"Description","value":"This is a small slightly slanted terracotta sarcophagus with a lid (broken now). The outside and inside are covered with much dirt. The exterior of the lid and the sarcophagus is well decorated with raised tri-color theatrical scenes. But, the designs are not distinct since they are quite worn away. It seems that all of the figures represented are not Chinese people or Han people (Han ren) judging by their costumes. The front side of the lid contains six possibly noble men in three-quarter view within separate frames, each of whom holds a seemingly valuable object in one hand and faces the center of the lid. An inscription, da qi tian bao er nian sui ci yi chou (the second year of the Tianbao era when the Chinese lunar calendar year was yichou of the Great [Northern] Qi [dynasty]), is shown on the center. The date corresponds to 551 A.D. on the western calendar. Four theatrical scenes are represented on the sides of the sarcophagus. One depicts two noble men seated in a red covered and two-wheeled cart pulled by a running horse with a servant mounted. A scene of a man riding a horse is to the left. To the right is a scene of two men who hold a ring together and have intertwined legs. The last scene is the most interesting one. It illustrates two men sitting on a table, most likely praying as one hand is vertically raised. On the left are two half-human and half-phoenix figures. The one who has the upper half of a phoenix and lower half of a man is kneeling on the ground and stretching his wings. Perhaps they are related to some mythology and regarded as auspicious creatures. Four hollow figurines accompany this sarcophagus. All of them have bare upper bodies, and are represented in a kneeling and bowing position. They probably represent servants or slaves. Although this terracotta sarcophagus appears quite antique since it is covered with much dirt and bears seemingly worn off motifs, it is still suspicious for many reasons. First of all, the dirt appears to be deliberately added rather than caused by a long term of burial. It can be easily removed when slightly scratched with the fingernails. If the dirt was really caused by a long time burial, it would have be attached to the vessel as if glued on it, and would be very difficult to remove. Secondly, there is an evident error in the inscription. The Chinese lunar calendar year for 'the second year of the Tianbo era' (or 551 A.D. on the western calendar) was not yichou but xinwei. Further, the writing style of this inscription does not match with the Northern Qi period. At that time the calligraphy was written in a style between the clerical script and the standard script. But here all the characters are just in offhand standard script. Third, the costumes worn by all the figures do not correspond to those of the Northern Qi dynasty when compared with several dated Northern Qi tomb paintings excavated in Hebei and Shanxi provinces (pp.359-364, from Yang Xiaoneng's book New Perspectives on China's Past: Chinese Archaeology in the Twentieth Century, vol.2 Major Archaeological Discoveries in Twentieth-Century China, New Haven: Yale University Press, 2004). To sum up, it can be inferred that this piece is a later replica, probably made during the late 19th century."},{"label":"Title","value":"Small terracotta sarcophagus with raised tri-color theatrical scenes and four hollow figurines"},{"label":"Rights","value":"Materials available through GettDigital encompass a wide range of works, many of which are in the public domain. However, some items may still be protected by copyright or other intellectual property rights. Users are responsible for determining the copyright status of materials and ensuring compliance with all applicable laws when reproducing or publishing these works. Items in our GettDigital Collections are for educational use. For assistance in understanding rights, obtaining permissions, or requesting files for publication or research purposes, please contact us at <a href=\"www.gettysburg.edu/special-collections/ask-an-archivist\">www.gettysburg.edu/special-collections/ask-an-archivist</a>"},{"label":"Reference URL","value":"http://cdm16274.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p4016coll6/id/2062"}],"description":"Small terracotta sarcophagus with raised tri-color theatrical scenes and four hollow 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