{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/presentation/2/context.json","@type":"sc:Manifest","@id":"https://iiif.quartexcollections.com/gettysburg/iiif/4fc1f4bb-776a-4c5b-8a52-9cccd8759038/manifest","label":"gaa_a-pair-of-straw-hat-shaped-white-glazed-bowls_a52_a52","metadata":[{"label":"Identifier","value":"gaa_a-pair-of-straw-hat-shaped-white-glazed-bowls_a52_a52"},{"label":"Citation","value":"Object Name, Date Original (if known), GettDigital: Asian Art Collection, Special Collections / Musselman Library, Gettysburg College, Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, Access Date, Link to Item"},{"label":"Repository","value":"Special Collections and College Archives, Musselman Library, Gettysburg College"},{"label":"Inventory Number","value":"A52"},{"label":"Accessioning Note","value":"Originally Dr. Chen obtained them from the collection of Mr. Ku Ao of Shanghai in 1934. A note from Dr. Kramer's folder \"Oriental Art-Inventory, n. d. (copy 1)\" (in Kramer's Box 4, file 17), refers to this item as \"A very important and very rare pair of white porcelain egg shell cups of Yung-Lo reign of Ming dynasty. Brocaded silk stands. Have special wood box. Price $325.00 (very low, see correspondence in file). Bought of Dr. Chen.\" There is a description of these two items from Dr. Kramer's folder \"Scrapbook-Porcelain # 4\" (Kramer's Box 5, file 18). It says, \"Translucent boneless porcelain, also called eggshell porcelain, moulded into a cup with wide open mouth and sunken base. The body is skillfully carved with two imperial dragons with five claws pursuing the pearl amidst auspicious clouds. Under the light this design can be plainly seen. The base is engraved in seal style with four Chinese characters, Yung Le Nieh Chih, meaning \"Made during the reigning years of the Emperor Yung Lo (1403-1424). This kind of cup is known to the Chinese as Ya shou pei, meaning \"Press hand cups\", because it is as thin as paper which adheres to the hand when pressed against the palm. (See Hobson, CHINESE POTTERY AND PORCELAIN, vol. II, pp.3-6, Funk and Wagnalls, New York, 1915.) At the present time a specimen of this kind is very rare and very hard to obtain. However, there are reproductions which were made during the K'ang Hsi or Yung Cheng periods which are available, but those specimens are quite thick and much different from those made during the Yung Lo period. This pair of cups came from the collection of Mr. Ku Ao of Shanghai, from whom I obtained them in 1934. Have brocaded silk stands and brocaded case for storage.\" Several correspondences between Dr. Kramer and Dr. Chao-ming Chen concerning this pair of cups can also be found in this folder."},{"label":"Part of","value":["Asian Art GettDigital Collection"]},{"label":"Provenance","value":"The Estate of Prof. Frank Kramer; A note from Dr. Kramer's folder \"Oriental Art-Inventory, n. d. (copy 1)\" (in Kramer's Box 4, file 17), refers to this item as \"A very important and very rare pair of white porcelain egg shell cups of Yung-Lo reign of Ming dynasty. Brocaded silk stands. Have special wood box. Price $325.00 (very low, see correspondence in file). Bought of Dr. Chen.\" &lt; br&gt; &lt; br&gt; There is a description of these two items from Dr. Kramer's folder \"Scrapbook-Porcelain # 4\" (Kramer's Box 5, file 18). It says, \"Translucent boneless porcelain, also called eggshell porcelain, moulded into a cup with wide open mouth and sunken base. The body is skillfully carved with two imperial dragons with five claws pursuing the pearl amidst auspicious clouds. Under the light this design can be plainly seen. The base is engraved in seal style with four Chinese characters, Yung Le Nieh Chih, meaning \"Made during the reigning years of the Emperor Yung Lo (1403-1424). This kind of cup is known to the Chinese as Ya shou pei, meaning \"Press hand cups\", because it is as thin as paper which adheres to the hand when pressed against the palm. (See Hobson, CHINESE POTTERY AND PORCELAIN, vol. II, pp.3-6, Funk and Wagnalls, New York, 1915.) At the present time a specimen of this kind is very rare and very hard to obtain. However, there are reproductions which were made during the K'ang Hsi or Yung Cheng periods which are available, but those specimens are quite thick and much different from those made during the Yung Lo period. This pair of cups came from the collection of Mr. Ku Ao of Shanghai, from whom I obtained them in 1934. Have brocaded silk stands and brocaded case for storage.\" Several correspondences between Dr. Kramer and Dr. Chao-ming Chen concerning this pair of cups can also be found in this folder."},{"label":"Genre","value":["Artifacts"]},{"label":"Object Location","value":"Cs.1"},{"label":"Date","value":"D:00 M:00 Y:1644 - D:00 M:00 Y:1911"},{"label":"Date Original","value":"Mid 17th-early 20th century CE (1644-1911 CE)"},{"label":"Era","value":["Qing dynasty"]},{"label":"Measurement","value":"Height: 3.7 cm; Diameter at mouth 9.8 cm; Original black wood stand"},{"label":"Medium","value":["Bodiless porcelain, white glaze, faintly incised decoration, wood, silk","Porcelain"]},{"label":"Country of Origin","value":["China"]},{"label":"Description","value":"Each of this pair of bodiless (tuo tai) straw hat-shaped bowls (li shi wan) has a wide open mouth, a conical body tapering to the bottom and a footring. The bodiless porcelain, literally meaning 'casting off the body', is a kind of thin-bodied porcelain created during the Yongle reign of the Ming dynasty. As the name suggests, the vessel was so thin that it seemed bodiless and made up purely of glaze. Both the exterior and interior of these two bodiless bowls are smoothly covered with a glossy and translucent white glaze. The interior is decorated with two faintly incised dragon-chasing-pearl designs. Each dragon has double antlers and five claws, characteristic of the Imperial dragons which symbolized the Emperor. On the inside bottom there is the faintly engraved reign mark, \" yong le nian zhi\" (Made during the Yongle Reign [of the Ming dynasty]; 1403-1423) in seal script and two columns. The Yongle white ware has a fine body with a nearly transparent, but slightly matte glaze. Their near transparency is possibly due to the very low calcium oxide content (c. 2.5 per cent) of the glaze. Accordingly, it may be considered as \" a further stage in the development from qingbai (10 to 15 per cent) [(bluish white) ware of the Song dynasty] and shufu (4 to 6 per cent) [(Privacy Council) ware or luan bai\" (egg-white) ware of the Yuan dynasty]. \" The purity of the Yongle body and glaze materials resulted in wares superior to anything preceding them and they have traditionally been referred to in both Chinese and foreign texts as 'sweet white wares'.\" (Both quotations are from page 184, S. J. Vainker, Chinese Pottery and Porcelain &lt; New York: George Braziller, Inc., 1991&gt; .) However, this pair of bodiless white glazed bowls is not of the Yongle production as claimed by the reign mark. Actually, after considering the transparency, glaze, writing style of the reign mark and decoration, they may be later Qing copies. First of all, both vessels, including their bottom are fully translucent, typical of the later Qing copies. The Yongle sweet white ware cannot exhibit full transparency like later copies because the Yongle bodiless porcelain is still fairly thick, especially on the bottom of vessels. Secondly, the white glaze on these two vessels appears pure white whereas the Yongle sweet white glaze usually displays a slight green color. Third, the Yongle reign mark on these two vessels is written in a regular and even style. Such a writing style is frequently found on later copies of the Yongle ware. As a matter of fact, the Yongle ware rarely bears a reign mark. The dated Yongle reign mark is usually written in irregular seal script. Lastly, the faintly incised decoration on these two bowls is still quite distinct. This is characteristic of later copies, and more specifically, the Yongzheng replicas. By comparison, the faintly incised designs on the Yongle ware is exceptionally 'faint (an hua)' and indistinct."},{"label":"Title","value":"A pair of straw hat-shaped, white-glazed bowls"},{"label":"Rights","value":"Materials available through GettDigital encompass a wide range of works, many of which are in the public domain. However, some items may still be protected by copyright or other intellectual property rights. Users are responsible for determining the copyright status of materials and ensuring compliance with all applicable laws when reproducing or publishing these works. Items in our GettDigital Collections are for educational use. For assistance in understanding rights, obtaining permissions, or requesting files for publication or research purposes, please contact us at <a href=\"www.gettysburg.edu/special-collections/ask-an-archivist\">www.gettysburg.edu/special-collections/ask-an-archivist</a>"},{"label":"Reference URL","value":"http://cdm16274.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p4016coll6/id/1942"}],"description":"A pair of straw hat-shaped, white-glazed bowls","sequences":[{"@type":"sc:Sequence","canvases":[{"@id":"https://iiif.quartexcollections.com/gettysburg/iiif/4fc1f4bb-776a-4c5b-8a52-9cccd8759038/canvas/_1","@type":"sc:Canvas","label":"A pair of straw hat-shaped, white-glazed bowls","height":1648,"width":2884,"images":[{"@type":"oa:Annotation","motivation":"sc:painting","resource":{"@id":"https://iiif.quartexcollections.com/gettysburg/iiif/4fc1f4bb-776a-4c5b-8a52-9cccd8759038/full/full/0/default.jpg","@type":"dctypes:Image","format":"image/jpeg","service":{"@context":"http://iiif.io/api/image/2/context.json","@id":"https://iiif.quartexcollections.com/gettysburg/iiif/4fc1f4bb-776a-4c5b-8a52-9cccd8759038","profile":"http://iiif.io/api/image/2/level2.json","tiles":[{"width":1024,"scaleFactors":[1,2,4]}]},"height":1648,"width":2884},"on":"https://iiif.quartexcollections.com/gettysburg/iiif/4fc1f4bb-776a-4c5b-8a52-9cccd8759038/canvas/_1","metadata":[]}],"thumbnail":{"@id":"https://iiif.quartexcollections.com/gettysburg/iiif/4fc1f4bb-776a-4c5b-8a52-9cccd8759038/full/500,500/0/default.jpg","@type":"dctypes:Image","height":500,"width":500}}]}],"thumbnail":"https://iiif.quartexcollections.com/gettysburg/iiif/4fc1f4bb-776a-4c5b-8a52-9cccd8759038/full/500,500/0/default.jpg","logo":"https://iiif.quartexcollections.com/gettysburg/iiif/logo"}